K2 AND CARDIAC OUTPUT STUDY
ORAL CONSUMPTION OF VITAMIN K2 FOR 8 WEEKS ASSOCIATED WITH INCREASED MAXIMAL CARDIAC OUTPUT DURING EXERCISE.
Menaquinones (like vitamin K2) have been shown to reduce calcium accumulation in vascular walls, induce tumor
cell apoptosis, and restore the production of mitochondrial adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production. Improving
ATP production has a direct implication on the contractile muscles that have high levels of mitochondria (such as
cardiac muscles). In aerobically trained individuals, there is a common trend in decreasing maximal heart rate,
which is a side effect of training-induced expansion of blood volume. Unfortunately, reduced maximal heart rate
negatively influences the ability to maximize cardiac output. Dietary treatment with vitamin K2 can improve
cardiac mitochondrial function, which may reverse training-induced reductions in maximal heart rate and/or
improve stroke volume. In the current study, 8 weeks of supplementation with vitamin K2 resulted in a 12% increase
in cardiac output compared to the placebo. Researchers also observed an improved cardiovascular profile of
heart rate and a reduction in blood lactate levels…
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